Pyramus and Thisbe by Ted Hughes Selections from tales from Ovid, Pyramus and Thisbe by Ted Hughes Essay, Pyramus and Thisbe by Ted Hughes Summary, Pyramus and Thisbe myth, Pyramus and Thisbe summary, Pyramus and Thisbe essay

Pyramus and Thisbe by Ted Hughes 

 Selections from tales from Ovid 

Short Essay 

Introduction

          Ted Hughes’s “Pyramus and Thisbe” from Tales from Ovid is a tragic story of forbidden love and a misunderstanding that leads to the lovers’ deaths. It explores themes of love, sacrifice, and fate. The poem tells the story of Pyramus and Thisbe, a young couple who cannot be together due to their families’ disapproval, ultimately leading to a tragic end.

The Forbidden Love

          Pyramus and Thisbe are childhood friends who grow up in Babylon and fall deeply in love. However, their families strictly forbid them to marry. Despite this, they secretly communicate through a crack in the wall separating their homes. Their love grows stronger, and they plan to meet in secret near a mulberry tree.

The Tragic Misunderstanding

          Thisbe arrives at the tree first, but while waiting, she is frightened by a lioness and drops her veil. The lioness leaves bloodstains on it. When Pyramus arrives and sees the veil, he believes Thisbe has been killed by the lion. Overcome with guilt and grief, Pyramus takes his sword and kills himself, hoping that their blood will unite them forever.

Thisbe’s Final Act

           When Thisbe returns and finds Pyramus dead, she is heartbroken. She takes his sword and ends her own life, wishing for their love to be remembered forever. Their blood mingles, staining the mulberry tree red.

Conclusion

          The tragic story of Pyramus and Thisbe highlights the destructive effects of miscommunication and the power of love. Their love endures even in death, symbolized by the darkened mulberry tree.

Pyramus and Thisbe by Ted Hughes 

Selections from tales from Ovid  

@Banumathi K's Literature Insights 👇 

Pyramus and Thisbe by Ted Hughes 

Detailed Essay 

Introduction

          Ted Hughes’s “Pyramus and Thisbe,” taken from Tales from Ovid, retells the classic story of forbidden love and tragic misunderstanding. The poem explores the deep emotions of love, grief, and sacrifice. It portrays a young couple, Pyramus and Thisbe, whose love is restricted by their families’ disapproval. Despite the barriers, their love is powerful and leads to a tragic end, highlighting the complexities of fate and miscommunication. 

The Lovers and Their Forbidden Love

          The story begins by introducing Pyramus and Thisbe, two young individuals who are admired for their beauty. They grow up as childhood friends in the ancient city of Babylon, and their love for one another is strong and sincere. However, their families strictly disapprove of their relationship, forbidding them from being together. Despite these obstacles, the young lovers find a way to communicate secretly through a small crack in the wall that separates their homes. They share their feelings in whispers, communicating through this narrow opening.

The Secret Meeting and the Tragic Event

          Eventually, Pyramus and Thisbe decide to meet in secret to escape the restrictions placed on their love. They choose a white-fruited mulberry tree near the tomb of Ninus as their secret meeting place. Thisbe arrives first, waiting for Pyramus under the tree. As she waits, a sense of fear creeps in, a fierce lioness, still bloody from a recent hunt, appears near the tree. Terrified, Thisbe flees into the shadows, leaving behind her veil in her haste. The lioness finds the veil, sniffs it, and leaves bloodstains on it.

Pyramus’s Grief and Tragic Decision

          When Pyramus arrives at the meeting place, he sees Thisbe's bloodstained veil and the tracks of the lioness. He assumes that Thisbe has been killed by the lion. Feeling guilty and overwhelmed by grief, Pyramus blames himself for not arriving sooner and regrets their risky choice of meeting place. He even calls out to the lions, wishing they would kill him in punishment for what he believes is his fault. Overcome with sorrow, Pyramus takes his sword and kills himself, hoping that their blood will unite them forever.

Thisbe’s Return and the Final Tragedy

           After the lioness leaves, Thisbe returns to the meeting spot and finds Pyramus lying dead, holding her veil. She is heartbroken and, overwhelmed with grief, embraces his lifeless body and cries out in agony. In her sorrow, Thisbe wishes for their love to be remembered, symbolizing the eternal power of love and sacrifice. She regrets that they were never allowed to be together in life and wishes they could be united forever in death. In her grief, Thisbe addresses their parents, requesting that their bodies be buried together, signifying their eternal union. She also addresses the mulberry tree, asking it to serve as a reminder of their tragic love.

The Darkened Mulberries and Their Eternal Union

           In despair, Thisbe takes Pyramus’s sword and ends her own life. The mingling of their blood stains the white mulberries red, symbolizing their tragic love and sacrifice. From that day onward, the mulberry fruit remains dark, a lasting reminder of their love and the tragic end they met. The gods, moved by the lovers' sorrowful fate, grant their wish for eternal union. Pyramus and Thisbe are finally united in death, their ashes mingling in a single urn, which symbolizes their eternal bond.

Conclusion

          The myth of Pyramus and Thisbe addresses universal human experiences such as love, death, betrayal, sacrifice, and fate. The enduring legacy of Pyramus and Thisbe’s love, symbolized by the darkened mulberry tree, speaks to the strength of love and the sacrifices made in its name.

Themes

👉Forbidden Love

👉Tragic Fate

👉Miscommunication

👉 Sacrifice

👉Death

👉Parental Control

👉Secrecy  

👉 True Love

👉Loss and Grief

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The Birth of Hercules by Ted Hughes Essay, The Birth of Hercules by Ted Hughes Summary, The Birth of Hercules by Ted Hughes Selections from tales from Ovid, The Birth of Hercules essay, The The Birth of Hercules summary

The Birth of Hercules Short Essay 

Introduction

          The birth of Hercules is a famous story from Greek mythology. In Ted Hughes’ version, based on Ovid’s Metamorphoses, Alcmene tells her childbirth to Iole, Hercules’s lover. She shares the pain and difficulty she faced during her son’s birth, hoping Iole will never suffer the same way.

A Painful and Long Labor

           Alcmene’s pregnancy was long and strange because Hercules was the son of Jupiter, a god. When her labor began, it lasted seven days and nights. The pain was so great that she begged the gods for help. She called out to Lucina, the goddess of birth, but Lucina did not help. Juno, who was jealous of Alcmene, had ordered Lucina to stop the birth using magic.

The Power of a Lie

         Lucina used a magical position her legs crossed and fingers locked to stop the birth. Alcmene cried out in pain while the women of Thebes tried to help, but nothing worked. Galanthis, Alcmene’s clever servant, understood the problem. She tricked Lucina by saying that Hercules had already been born. Shocked, Lucina jumped up, breaking the spell and allowing the baby to be born.

A Magical Punishment

           Lucina, angry at being tricked, punished Galanthis by turning her into a weasel. As a weasel, it was believed that she gave birth through her mouth because of her lie. Still, Galanthis remained active and full of life.

Conclusion

          This story shows the power of love, clever thinking, and bravery. Alcmene’s suffering, Juno’s jealousy, and Galanthis’s courage all played a part in the miraculous birth of Hercules.

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The Birth of Hercules Detailed Essay 

Characters 

👉Amphitryon – king of Tiryns 

👉Alcmene – wife of Amphitryon 

👉Zeus – the king of the gods 

👉Hercules – son of Alcmene and Zeus 

👉Iole – Hercules’ lover 

👉Juno – Zeus’ wife 

👉Lucina – the goddess of birth 

👉Galanthis – Alcmene’s clever servant

Introduction

          The myth of the birth of Hercules is from Greek mythology. In Ted Hughes’ version, adapted from Ovid’s Metamorphoses, the tale is told by Alcmene, the mother of Hercules. She shares her painful and supernatural experience of childbirth with Iole, Hercules's lover. Through Alcmene’s words, we learn about the divine involvement, the suffering she endured, and the brave actions that helped her finally give birth.

Alcmene’s Hope for Iole

          Alcmene begins her story by expressing her wish that Iole, her son’s lover, will have an easier and safer childbirth than she had. She hopes no other woman will go through the same agony.

A Divine Pregnancy

          Alcmene explains that her pregnancy was not ordinary. Her pregnancy was strange and unusually long. It became clear that something supernatural was involved. Alcmene’s labor lasts for seven days and nights. She suffers intense pain and fear. Her cries echo through the palace, and her agony becomes unbearable.

Juno’s Jealousy

          Juno, the queen of the gods, is jealous of Alcmene because Jupiter, her husband, is the father of Hercules. She wants to prevent the birth of Hercules. In great pain, Alcmene curses Jupiter for ignoring her suffering. She becomes so hopeless that she even wishes for death to end her agony.

The Call for Help

          Desperate for relief, Alcmene calls on Lucina, the goddess of birth. However, her prayers are ignored. Lucina, under the jealous orders of Juno, does not help Alcmene but instead makes the birth even more difficult. Lucina sits with her right leg crossed and twisted around her left, her hands tightly clasped with locked fingers. This strange position is magical and is meant to stop the birth from happening. Lucina listens to Alcmene’s cries as if they are a beautiful song, while secretly enjoying her suffering.

The Women of Thebes

          The women of Thebes see Alcmene’s suffering and try to help her. But their comfort and support are useless against the powerful magic of Lucina.

Galanthis’s Clever Trick

           Galanthis, a loyal servant of Alcmene, realizes that something is wrong. She guesses that Juno and Lucina are behind the delay in the birth. She comes up with a smart plan to trick Lucina. Galanthis pretends to be a messenger and loudly announces that Alcmene has already given birth. Lucina is shocked by the news. In her surprise, she quickly stands up, untangles her legs, and unlocks her fingers. This breaks her magical position and ends the spell.

The Birth of Hercules

           As soon as the spell is broken, Hercules is born with no difficulty. The long suffering of Alcmene finally comes to an end, because of Galanthis’s bravery and intelligence.

Lucina’s Revenge

          Lucina becomes furious after realizing that Galanthis tricked her. As punishment, she transforms Galanthis into a weasel. As a weasel, it was believed that she gave birth through her mouth because of her lie. Though Galanthis is turned into a weasel, she remains full of energy, runs around the house, always lively and quick.

Conclusion

          The story of Hercules’s birth is filled with pain, divine jealousy, clever tricks, and transformation. Through Alcmene’s story, Ted Hughes shows the strength of a mother, the cruelty of gods, and the cleverness of a faithful servant. It is a powerful tale of suffering, hope, and the miracle of birth against all odds.

Themes 

👉 Divine Infidelity and Jealousy

👉 The Wrath of Hera

👉 The Power Struggle of Gods

👉 Mortal Suffering from Divine Conflicts

👉 Heroic Destiny and Trials

👉 Deception 

👉 Trickery Among Gods

👉 The Influence of Time and Timing

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The Rape of Proserpina by Ted Hughes essay, The Rape of Proserpina by Ted Hughes summary, The Rape of Proserpina by Ted Hughes, The Rape of Proserpina summary, The Rape of Proserpina essay

The Rape of Proserpina by Ted Hughes 

Short Essay 

Introduction

          The Rape of Proserpina is an old Roman myth that explains how the seasons change. It is about a young girl named Proserpina, her mother Ceres, and Pluto, the god of the underworld. This myth shows how happiness can turn into sadness, and how love between a mother and daughter can affect the whole world.

A Happy Beginning Turns Dark

           Proserpina was walking in a field filled with colorful flowers. She felt safe and happy. The flowers seemed to move gently, as if they were greeting her. But deep underground, Pluto, the god of the underworld, was getting ready to come up. Suddenly, the earth cracked open, and Pluto came out with shining, scary eyes. He grabbed Proserpina and took her to the dark underworld.

A Mother’s Sadness

          Proserpina’s mother, Ceres, was very worried and searched for her everywhere. She was so sad that the earth became cold. No plants grew, and winter began. In the underworld, Pluto gave Proserpina a pomegranate. She ate the seeds, not knowing it would tie her to that place.

The Deal Between Gods

          Jupiter, the king of the gods, saw the world was suffering. He sent Mercury to tell Pluto to let Proserpina go. But since she ate the seeds, they made a deal Proserpina would spend part of the year with Pluto and part with Ceres.

Conclusion

           When Proserpina is with her mother, it’s spring and summer. When she’s gone, it’s fall and winter. This story explains the seasons and shows how love and loss are part of life.

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The Rape of Proserpina by Ted Hughes

 Detailed Essay 

Introduction

          The myth of The Rape of Proserpina, retold through vivid imagery and emotional depth, explores themes of innocence, power, and the changing seasons. Originally from Roman mythology and mirrored in Greek mythology as the tale of Hades and Persephone, this story captures the tragic yet transformative journey of Proserpina and the ripple effect her loss creates in both the heavens and on Earth. Hughes interpretation of this ancient tale brings new life to its timeless message, resonating with modern audiences through its emotional complexity and mythic symbolism.

A Peaceful Beginning

          On a beautiful, sunny day, Proserpina, a young girl full of joy and innocence, walks through a grassy meadow brimming with colorful flowers. The flowers seem alive, gently swaying in her presence, as if honoring her with a bow. The meadow looks like a rainbow spread across the earth, and Proserpina feels entirely safe and at peace.

Darkness Beneath the Surface

          While the surface world enjoys peace and light, something ominous brews beneath the ground. Pluto, the god of the underworld, is preparing his chariot for a sudden, fearsome entrance into the world above. A dramatic shift occurs when the earth trembles, and a large crack violently splits open the meadow, shattering the calm and ushering in a terrifying moment.

Pluto’s Frightening Appearance

          From the depths of the earth, Pluto emerges in a terrifying display. His eyes blaze like lightning in a storm, and his presence is overwhelming. Without warning, he grabs Proserpina. His touch is icy and unfeeling, like cold stone, and she is powerless to escape. The flowers fall from her hands as the sky darkens, as if mourning with her.

Descent into the Underworld

          Pluto drags Proserpina down into the underworld—a place of eternal darkness where no sunlight ever reaches. The once lively meadow now feels empty and sorrowful, the flowers wilting and silence settling over the land. As Pluto's chariot speeds through rocky tunnels, its wheels make a loud, menacing sound. Proserpina cries out, her voice echoing through the gloom, a lonely sound in the vast, still underworld.

A Mother’s Despair

          On the surface, Ceres, Proserpina’s mother and the goddess of agriculture, is frantically searching for her daughter. She calls out Proserpina’s name in vain, her worry spreading across the earth. As Ceres grieves, her sorrow blankets the world, making it cold and barren. This deep sadness signals the beginning of winter.

Proserpina’s Confusion and Pluto’s Plan

          In the underworld, Proserpina, scared and confused, asks Pluto why he has taken her. She cannot understand what she did to deserve such a fate. Pluto, with a powerful voice, explains that he wants her to rule beside him as queen of the underworld. He offers her a pomegranate, a fruit both beautiful and foreboding, symbolizing life, death, and irreversible change.

The Binding of the Pomegranate

          Unaware of the consequences, Proserpina eats the pomegranate seeds. This act magically binds her to Pluto and the underworld forever. Her innocence is lost, and she begins her transformation into a powerful queen—though one caught between two worlds. Still, she longs for the surface, for sunlight, flowers, and the love of her mother.

The Earth Grows Cold

           With Proserpina gone, the underworld remains frozen in time—lifeless, silent, and still. Meanwhile, on Earth, Ceres’ sorrow deepens. Without her care, trees shed their leaves, crops stop growing, and rivers slow. Humanity suffers, and their cries of desperation reach the heavens.

Divine Intervention

          Moved by the suffering of both gods and mortals, Jupiter, king of the gods, sends Mercury to the underworld to negotiate with Pluto. Mercury delivers Jupiter’s demand: Proserpina must return to the surface, for her presence is essential to the balance of life above.

A Compromise is Reached

          Pluto reveals the truth—Proserpina has eaten the pomegranate seeds and is thus bound to him. After considering this, Jupiter decides on a compromise. Proserpina will split her time: part of the year in the underworld with Pluto, and part of the year on the surface with her mother.

The Changing Seasons

           This divine arrangement explains the cycle of the seasons. When Proserpina is reunited with Ceres, spring and summer bloom across the Earth. Flowers return, plants grow, and warmth spreads—Ceres is joyful once again. But when Proserpina returns to the underworld, autumn and winter fall upon the Earth, as Ceres grieves and nature fades into dormancy.

Conclusion

           The myth of The Rape of Proserpina is a poetic reflection on love, loss, power, and transformation. Through Hughes’ retelling, we see not only the emotional depth of the characters but also the powerful symbolism behind natural cycles. The myth reminds us that even in darkness, there is a return to light—that sorrow and joy, like the seasons, will always come and go in an eternal balance.

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Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse Essay, Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse summary, Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse, Siddhartha Essay, Siddhartha Summary

Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse Essay 

Introduction

          Hermann Hesse’s novel Siddhartha is about a young man searching for spiritual peace and purpose. Siddhartha is the son of a Brahmin in ancient India, but he feels that the religion he was raised in doesn’t answer his deep questions about life. So, he leaves home to find his own truth.

Searching for Wisdom

          Siddhartha first joins a group of monks called the Samanas who believe in giving up all worldly things. He learns how to live without desires, but still feels something is missing. Later, he hears about Gotama the Buddha, who is said to be enlightened. Siddhartha and his best friend Govinda go to meet him. Govinda decides to become a follower of the Buddha, but Siddhartha chooses to keep searching on his own, believing true wisdom must come from personal experience.

Experiencing the World

          Siddhartha then explores the material world. He falls in love with Kamala, and becomes a rich merchant. But after years of pleasure, he feels empty and lost again. So he leaves everything behind and finds comfort by a river. When Kamala dies and he discovers he has a son, Siddhartha tries to raise him but the boy runs away. This heartbreak teaches Siddhartha about love, loss and letting go.

Lessons from the River

          Siddhartha lives by a river with a wise ferryman named Vasudeva. He learns deep peace by listening to the river, which teaches him that all life is connected in a never-ending cycle. Years later, Govinda visits Siddhartha, still searching for truth. Siddhartha tells him that enlightenment can’t be taught it must be felt. Siddhartha asks Govinda to kiss his forehead. When he kiss, Govinda finally understands the deep unity of all life.

Conclusion

          Siddhartha and Govinda both reach the enlightenment they spent their whole lives seeking. The story shows that true wisdom doesn’t come from teachers it comes from life, love, loss, and truly listening to the world around us.

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Unpacking My Library: A Talk about Book Collecting by Walter Benjamin Essay, Unpacking My Library: A Talk about Book Collecting by Walter Benjamin Summary, Unpacking My Library: A Talk about Book Collecting Essay, Unpacking My Library: A Talk about Book Collecting Summary, Unpacking My Library: A Talk about Book Collecting by Walter Benjamin

Unpacking My Library: A Talk about Book Collecting by Walter Benjamin Essay 

Introduction

            Walter Benjamin, a famous philosopher and literary critic, reflects on his personal experience of unpacking his book collection after a long time. More than just organizing books, he explores the deep connection between a collector and his books. 

The Joy of Chaos and Collecting

           Benjamin begins by describing the chaotic scene of unpacking boxes of books with dust, torn paper, and disorder everywhere. But for a true collector, this mess isn’t frustrating - it’s exciting. Each book holds memories and stories beyond the text inside. For him, collecting is not about having a tidy shelf but about reliving the journey of how each book came to him. Owning books is like building a world of memories and emotions.

Books as Magical Objects

          To Benjamin, books are more than tools for reading. He views them as magical objects with a fate. A book collector connects to the history of each book who owned it before, where it was published, how it was found. He compares this feeling to childhood wonder, like naming things or giving life to toys. For a true collector, buying an old book is like giving it new life. Even the way the book was found at a fair, through a catalog, or in a dusty shop is part of its charm.

The Collector’s Mindset

          Benjamin explains that book collectors are not always wealthy or practical. Some people even collect books they haven’t read and might never read. Collecting is driven by passion, not logic. He tells personal stories about buying rare books at auctions and shops, sometimes making great finds and sometimes facing disappointment. He ends with the idea that inheritance is one of the most meaningful ways to grow a collection, because it carries responsibility and love.

Conclusion

           Benjamin’s essay shows that collecting books is not just a hobby it’s a way of life. A real collector doesn’t just own books; he lives through them. The act of collecting creates a deep bond between person and object. And though this type of collector may be fading away in modern times, Benjamin reminds us of the beauty and meaning behind owning books not for their use, but for the stories they carry in their very existence.

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Of Friendship by Francis Bacon Essay, Of Friendship by Francis Bacon Summary, Of Friendship by Francis Bacon, Of Friendship Essay, Of Friendship summary

Of Friendship by Francis Bacon Essay 

Introduction: 

          Francis Bacon’s essay Of Friendship talks about how important true friendship is in our lives. He says people who like being alone all the time are either wild like animals or think they are gods. But real humans need friends. Being without a true friend is like living in a lonely forest, even if you're surrounded by people.

Three Fruits (Benefits) of Friendship:

          Francis Bacon, in his essay "Of Friendship," talks about three benefits of friendship. They are:

1. Emotional Comfort

2. Clarity of Thought

3. Support in Actions

Emotional Comfort:

          The first fruit of friendship is emotional relief. When we share our happiness or sadness with a friend, it makes us feel lighter. Talking to a friend is like opening your heart — it helps reduce pain and doubles our joy. Just like medicine helps the body, friendship helps the heart and emotions.

Clarity of Thought:

           The second fruit of friendship is that it helps us think better. When we talk to a friend, we understand our thoughts more clearly. It’s easier to organize ideas and solve problems when we say them out loud. A friend helps us become wiser not just by giving advice, but by helping us understand ourselves.

Support in Actions:

           The third fruit of friendship is practical help. There are many things we can’t do alone, or we can’t say without feeling awkward. A true friend can act on our behalf, support our goals, and continue our dreams even after we’re gone.

Conclusion:

          Bacon in his essay "Of Friendship" beautifully explains that a true friend is not just someone we talk to they are truly another self. Friendship brings peace, wisdom, and strength to our lives.

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The Road Not Taken Essay, The Road Not Taken Summary, The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost, The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost essay, The Road Not Taken

The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost Essay 

Introduction

“The Road Not Taken” is a poem by Robert Frost. It is about making choices in life. The poet stands in a forest, looking at two roads. He must choose one. This poem shows how choices can change our future.

Two Roads in a Yellow Wood

The poet is in a forest during autumn. He sees two roads. He feels sorry because he can’t walk on both. He looks down one road as far as he can, but he can’t see where it ends. This shows how we can’t always see what will happen after we make a choice.

Choosing the Road

The poet then looks at the other road. It looks almost the same but maybe a little less used. Both roads are covered in leaves. No one has walked on them that morning. So really, both roads are equal.

The Decision and Its Effect

The poet decides to take one road and says he will come back to try the other. But he knows that he probably won’t return. In the future, he says he will tell people that he took the road less traveled—and that made all the difference in his life.

Conclusion

This poem teaches us that every choice we make shapes our future. Sometimes we won’t know where the road will lead, but we must choose and move on. We should not regret our decisions but believe that our path will make us who we are.

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Circular, Circular Format, Circular Examples, Circular Writing, Circular Sample, what is a circular? How to write a circular? How to draft a circular?

Circular 

👉A circular is an official notice or message that is sent out to a group of people to inform them about something important.

👉 It’s called a “circular” because it’s meant to be circulated (Passed around or shown to many people) To inform people about events, rules, updates, changes, or important instructions.

👉It’s formal, brief, and to the point. 

You may come across; 

A school circular about holiday dates

A government circular about new rules

An office circular about a meeting or dress code 

Circular Format, Circular Examples and What is a Circular? in Tamil @Banumathi K's Literature Insights 

Circular Examples 

1. Draft a circular announcing extended library hours on all working days.

2. Imagine you are the secretary of Green Meadows Residents’ Association. Draft a circular informing residents about a temporary suspension of water supply due to pipeline maintenance.

3. Draft a circular for students about Talent Show 2025 and encourage participation.

4. Draft a circular for a zoological park giving details about visiting hours, main attractions, ticket rates, and important visitor guidelines.

5. Draft a circular announcing the College Union Inauguration

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Email, Email format, Email Examples, Email sample, Email writing, Email enquiry, invitation, seeking clarification, How to write an email

Email

An email (Electronic Mail) is a digital message sent through the internet from one person to another. It is a fast and convenient way of sending messages through the internet, either formally or informally.

Emails can also include attachments like documents, audio files, images, or videos, making them super useful for communication in school, work, and daily life.

Emails can be stored and searched easily, which makes them a great way to keep records of important communication. 

Email Format 

From: your email address  

To: recipient's email address  

Subject: [Your Subject Here]

Dear [Recipient's Name],

[Your email body—intro + reason for writing + details + polite closing.]

Warm regards / Best wishes / Sincerely,  

[Your Full Name]  

[Your Contact Info]

Email format, examples explanation in Tamil @Banumathi K's Literature Insights 👇 

1. Write an email inviting students and staff to a seminar

From: aaaaaaaa@gmail.com

To: eeeeeeeeeeee@gmail.com

Subject: Invitation to National Level Seminar on “Why Plants Are Our Best Friends”

Dear Sir/Madam,

Greetings from Kavivel College of Arts and Science!

We are pleased to inform you that the Department of Environmental Studies is organizing a National Level Seminar on the topic “Why Plants Are Our Best Friends” on Monday, April 22nd, 2025, at the college auditorium.

The seminar aims to raise awareness about the importance of plants in our daily lives and their vital role in maintaining a healthy environment. The event will feature expert talks, student presentations, and interactive sessions.

We cordially invite all students and staff members to attend and actively participate in this meaningful event. Your presence will greatly enhance the impact and success of the seminar.

Thank you, and we look forward to your enthusiastic participation!

Warm regards,

Dr. Kavitha K

Head of the Department

Department of Environmental Studies

Kavivel College of Arts and Science

Chennai

aaaaaaaa@gmail.com

+91-xxxxxxxxxx

__________

2. Draft an email seeking clarification about the seminar.

From: aaaaaaaa@gmail.com

To: eeeeeeeeeeee@gmail.com

Subject: Request for Clarification on Seminar Details 

Dear Dr. Kavitha,

Greetings!

I hope this message finds you well. I recently received the invitation regarding the National Level Seminar on “Why Plants Are Our Best Friends” scheduled for Monday, April 22nd, 2025. Thank you for organizing such a meaningful event!

I would like to seek a few clarifications regarding the seminar:

1. What are the timings for the seminar?

2. Is prior registration required to attend or participate?

3. Will participation certificates be provided?

4. Are there any guidelines for students and staff members who are interested in giving presentations?

I would be grateful if you could provide the above details at your earliest convenience.

Thank you for your time and support. Looking forward to your response!

Warm regards,

Dr. Banumathi 

Assistant Professor 

ABC College of Arts and Science 

Chennai

aaaaaaaaa@gmail.com 

91+xxxxxxxxx

__________

3. Draft an email requesting a letter of recommendation from your professor.

From: aaaaaaa@gmail.com 

To: bbbbbb@gmail.com 

Subject: Request for Letter of Recommendation

Dear Dr. Banumathi, 

I hope this email finds you well!

I’m Janani Kannan, a final-year student of the Department of English at Kavivel College of Arts and Science. I am writing to kindly request a letter of recommendation from you for my application to the Postgraduate Programme in Communication Studies at Delhi University.

Having attended your classes on Modern Literature and worked under your guidance on my final-year project, I believe you can provide a strong and insightful recommendation about my academic abilities and dedication.

The last date to submit the recommendation is May 5th, 2025, and it can be submitted online through the link I’ll share if you agree to help. I’d be happy to provide my academic details, statement of purpose, or any other documents you may need.

Thank you so much for your time and support. I would be truly grateful for your help.

Warm regards,

Janani Kannan

aaaaaaaa@gmail.com

91+xxxxxxxxx

___________

4. Draft an email from a professor congratulating a student on receiving an academic award.

From: aaaaaaaaa@gmail.com 

To: bbbbbb@gmail.com

Subject: Congratulations on Your Achievement, Harini!

Dear Harini,

I am absolutely delighted to hear the wonderful news about your selection as the Best Outgoing Student of the Year 2025 at Kavivel College of Arts and Science!

This recognition is a testament to your consistent dedication, academic excellence, and active participation in both curricular and co-curricular activities. Your positive attitude, leadership qualities, and willingness to go the extra mile have truly set you apart.

It has been a joy having you as a student in the Department of English, and I have no doubt that you will achieve great success in your future endeavors. Keep shining, keep growing, and always stay true to your passion.

Congratulations once again—you’ve made us all proud!

With warm regards,

Dr. Abarna Banumathi 

Associate Professor

Department of English

Kavivel College of Arts and Science, Chennai

aaaaaaaa@gmail.com

+91-xxxxxxxxxxx 

______________

5. Draft an email congratulating your friend on getting a new job.

From: aaaaaaaa@gmail.com

To: bbbbbb@gmail.com

Subject: Huge Congrats on Your New Job, Harini!

Hey Harini!

I just heard the amazing news—you got the job at Infosys! A huge congratulations to you! I’m so proud and excited for you.

You’ve worked so hard for this, and it’s such a perfect fit for your skills and passion. I still remember all those late-night prep calls and mock interviews—clearly, it all paid off big time!

Let’s definitely catch up soon—I owe you a celebratory coffee. Until then, enjoy the win and soak up all the good vibes. You deserve it!

With love and cheers,

Anusha

aaaaaaaa@gmail.com

+91-xxxxxxxxxx 

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Newspaper Report, Newspaper Report Format, Newspaper Report Example, Newspaper Report Sample, How to Write a Newspaper Report, What is a Newspaper Report

Newspaper Report 

A newspaper report is a piece of factual writing that provides information about a recent event or incident. Its main purpose is to inform the public about something important that has happened in a clear, objective, and formal tone. These reports are written in a journalistic style and are usually published in newspapers, news websites, or magazines.

Newspaper reports are usually written in the past tense, unless the event is being reported live. The language used should be clear, concise, and free from personal opinions, emotions, or bias. There should be no jokes, slang, or personal messages. Writers must stick strictly to facts, not feelings, and never report rumors.

They are typically written in the third person point of view—using words like ‘he,’ ‘she,’ ‘they,’ or people’s names. The structure of a report usually includes a headline, byline (reporter’s name), date, and a well-organized body that answers the key questions:

Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How.

Newspaper Report Format

1. Headline – A catchy title that summarizes the news

2. Byline – Name of the reporter (e.g., By Harini)

3. Place and Date – Place and date of the report (e.g., Chennai, April 9:)

4. Introduction/Lead Paragraph – Brief summary of the event (Who, What, When, Where)

5. Body Paragraphs –

Details about the event

Quotes from people involved (eyewitnesses, officials, etc.)

Background information if needed

6. Conclusion – Final remarks, outcomes, or future steps

What is a Newspaper Report?, Newspaper Report Format, Newspaper Report Example in Tamil @Banumathi K's Literature Insights 

Newspaper Report Examples 

1. There was a major fire accident in a hotel. A reporter who rushed to the place talked to the hotel manager, police officers, and some of the people who escaped from the hotel. He got the following details. Prepare a news report.  

  

Massive Fire Breaks Out at Delhi Hotel, 15 Injured

By Harini

New Delhi, April 5: A massive fire broke out at Hotel Sunrise in Delhi late last night, injuring 15 people and causing panic among guests and staff.

According to eyewitnesses, the fire started around 11:45 p.m. in the hotel’s kitchen on the second floor due to a suspected short circuit. Thick smoke quickly spread to the upper floors, forcing several guests to break windows and climb down using bedsheets.

“I was asleep when I smelled smoke. I rushed out and saw flames coming from the kitchen area. We immediately called the fire department,” said Mr. Ramesh Tiwari, the hotel manager.

Ten fire engines were rushed to the scene, and firefighters took over two hours to bring the blaze under control. Fifteen people suffered minor burn injuries and were treated at a nearby hospital. Thankfully, no casualties have been reported so far.

“We are investigating the exact cause of the fire. Initial evidence points to an electrical fault,” said Inspector Rajiv Malhotra, who was at the site.

The hotel has been temporarily shut down for safety checks, and a detailed report will be submitted by the fire safety department within a week.

__________

2. There was a science exhibition organized in a city school. A reporter visited the event and collected information from students, teachers, and the chief guest. Using the details gathered, write a news report.

Students Shine at Inter-School Science Fair

By Harini 

Chennai, April 5: Budding scientists from across the city came together this weekend to showcase their creativity and innovation at the Annual Inter-School Science Fair held at Vidya Mandir Senior Secondary School.

Over 30 schools participated in the event, which featured over 150 exhibits ranging from eco-friendly inventions to AI-powered gadgets. The theme for this year was “Science for a Sustainable Future.”

The event was inaugurated by Dr. Meena Krishnan, a renowned environmental scientist, who praised the students for their “out-of-the-box thinking and strong sense of responsibility toward the planet.”

One of the standout projects was a low-cost water purifier made from coconut shells, created by a team from St. Joseph’s Matriculation School. “We wanted to find a solution that could help rural areas where access to clean drinking water is limited,” said team leader Rithika Prabhu.

Judges, including professors from IIT Madras and Anna University, evaluated the projects on innovation, feasibility, and presentation. Prizes were awarded to the top three teams, and all participants received certificates of appreciation.

Principal of Vidya Mandir, Mrs. Latha Iyer, said, “We are proud to see such young minds take science beyond textbooks. These students are the future problem-solvers of our world.”

The event ended with loud applause, cheerful selfies, and a renewed sense of curiosity among all attendees.

____________

3. A local cricket tournament was held in your city and witnessed an exciting final match. Write a news report, covering the highlights of the game, key players, and the final result.

Chennai Tigers Clinch Local Cricket League Title in Nail-Biting Finale

By Anbu Kumaran 

Chennai, April 6: In a high-octane match that kept fans on the edge of their seats, the Chennai Tigers defeated the Marina Warriors by 3 wickets to win the 12th Annual Chennai Premier League at the MA Chidambaram Stadium on Sunday evening.

The final match was a thrilling display of talent and determination. Batting first, the Marina Warriors posted a solid total of 172 runs in 20 overs, thanks to a fiery 62-run knock by their opener, Rahul Shetty. However, the Tigers chased down the target in the final over, with star batsman Aravind Rao scoring an unbeaten 58 under pressure.

The stadium erupted in cheers as Aravind hit the winning boundary, sealing the victory with just two balls to spare. “We’ve worked so hard for this. This win is for our fans and our city,” said team captain Sameer Iqbal.

The trophy was presented by former Indian cricketer Murali Kartik, who praised both teams for their competitive spirit. The event ended with fireworks, music, and fans celebrating a match to remember.

___________

4. A star-studded music concert featuring popular Tamil artists was held in Chennai. Write a news report, covering the performances, audience reaction, and the overall impact of the event.

Musical Magic Unfolds at Marina: Vijay Antony & Shreya Ghoshal Mesmerize Chennai

By Dhanush 

Chennai, April 7: Music lovers in Chennai were treated to an unforgettable night as the “Marina Mega Concert 2025” lit up the city with soul-stirring melodies and electric beats. The event, held at Marina Grounds, drew a crowd of over 20,000 fans.

The highlight of the evening was the stunning performance by singer-composer Vijay Antony, who opened with his iconic hit "Nakka Mukka", sending the crowd into a frenzy. Later, Shreya Ghoshal took the stage and left everyone awestruck with her emotional renditions of "Munbe Vaa" and "Un Perai Sollum Pothu."

“This is a dream come true! I’ve been a Shreya fan since childhood,” gushed Swathi, a student who came all the way from Coimbatore to attend the show.

Other artists like Yuvan Shankar Raja and Sid Sriram made surprise appearances, adding to the night’s thrill. The concert also had a message—supporting local music talent and promoting mental wellness through art.

With a perfect mix of classical, pop, and kuthu beats, the concert wrapped up with a dazzling light show and thunderous applause, making it a night the city will never forget.

5. A blood donation camp was organized in your city where fans of famous actors participated actively. Write a news report, describing the event, the participants, and its impact.

Fans of Tamil Actors Vijay and Ajith Unite for Blood Donation Drive in Madurai

By Dhanush 

Madurai, April 8: In a rare and inspiring moment, fans of Tamil actors Vijay and Ajith Kumar came together to organize a massive blood donation camp at the Government Hospital Grounds on Sunday.

The event, titled “Mass for a Cause,” was a joint effort by the official fan clubs of both stars. Over 600 fans gathered wearing their heroes’ T-shirts and caps—not to celebrate stardom, but to save lives. Banners of both Vijay and Ajith stood side by side, promoting unity and compassion.

“This is real heroism—helping others. Thalapathy would be proud,” said Aravind, a Vijay fan from Dindigul. Ajith fan Deepak added, “Thala has always inspired us to serve silently. We just followed his words.”

Doctors from leading hospitals collected over 450 units of blood. Free health check-ups and snacks were provided for donors, and strict safety protocols were followed.

Photos from the event went viral on social media, with hashtags like #ThalaThalapathyUnited and #FansForHumanity trending across Tamil Nadu.

The event proved that true fan power lies not in rivalry, but in reaching out to those in need.

6. A blood donation camp was organized in your city where fans of famous actors participated actively. Write a news report, describing the event, the participants, and its impact.

Paws & Hearts: Animal Adoption Drive Spreads Smiles in Coimbatore

By Staff Reporter 

Coimbatore, April 9: The city turned into a bundle of wagging tails and happy faces as the NGO “PawPal” hosted a joyful animal adoption drive at VOC Park Grounds on Sunday.

The event, called “Adopt, Don’t Shop,” aimed to find loving homes for over 100 rescued dogs and cats. By the end of the day, 78 furry friends were adopted by kind-hearted families, college students, and even local influencers.

“I’ve always wanted a pet, and today I found my best friend,” said Keerthi, a final-year student who adopted a playful labrador mix named Bruno. Children played with the animals in special pet zones, and veterinarians gave free health checkups to all adopted pets.

Volunteers made sure everything ran smoothly, and food stalls added extra flavor to the event. The highlight? A puppy parade featuring tiny furballs in superhero costumes that had everyone squealing in delight.

Organizers said the event was a huge success and promised to hold more in the future. It wasn’t just an adoption drive—it was a celebration of love, second chances, and tails that now have a forever home.

__________

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Narrative Report, Narrative Report Format, Narrative Report Examples, Narrative Report writing, What is a Narrative Report, How to write a Narrative Report

Narrative Report 

What is a Narrative Report?

A narrative report is a form of writing that shares a story based on a particular event or personal experience. It’s meant to inform the reader while also capturing their interest using storytelling techniques and vivid, descriptive language.

How to write a Narrative Report?

👉A narrative report is usually written in chronological order, meaning it follows the sequence in which events actually happened.

👉 The focus is mainly on what occurred, presenting factual details without adding any personal opinions or emotional commentary. 

👉It can be written in either the first person (using "I" or "we") or the third person (using "he," "she," or "they"), depending on the context or requirement. 

👉The language should be simple, clear, and direct to make it easy for readers to understand.

👉 If the report is brief and straightforward, there is generally no need for headings.

Narrative Report in Tamil @Banumathi K's Literature Insights 👇 

Narrative Report Format 

TITLE OF THE REPORT

Date: 

Location: 

Introduction 

👉Briefly introduce the event or incident.

👉Mention the date, location, and purpose of the report.

👉Provide background information if necessary.

Body

👉Describe the sequence of events in chronological order.

👉Include details such as time, place, and people involved.

👉Mention any actions taken during the event.

👉Explain the impact of the incident (damage, casualties, consequences).

Conclusion

👉Summarize the key points of the report.

👉Reflect on the significance of the event.

👉Highlight any lessons learned.

Recommendations (if applicable)

👉Suggest possible actions for improvement or prevention.

👉Propose solutions or measures to address the issue.

Thank you. (Optional)

Submitted by:

[Your Name]

[Your Position, if applicable]

[Date]

Submitted to: (Optional)

[Recipient's Name]

[Designation]

[Organization/School Name]

Example: 1

1. Write a narrative report on your school’s Annual Sports Day.

Narrative Report on School Sports Day

Date: June 25, 2025

Location: XYZ School Playground 

The Sports Day of XYZ School was conducted on June 25, 2025, at the school playground. The event started at 9:00 AM, with students, teachers, and parents gathering at the venue. The school principal officially inaugurated the event by delivering an opening speech, emphasizing the importance of sports in student life.  

At 9:30 AM, the first event, the 100-meter race, began. Students from different grades competed, and the race concluded with an exciting finish. Following this, other track events like the 200-meter race, relay race, and long jump took place. Each event was conducted under the supervision of sports teachers and referees to ensure fairness. 

By 11:00 AM, the audience was treated to a thrilling tug-of-war competition between students and teachers. The crowd cheered loudly as both teams put in their best efforts. After a short break, the final relay race was conducted at 12:30 PM, marking the last competitive event of the day. 

At 1:00 PM, the prize distribution ceremony was held. The winners were awarded medals and certificates by the school principal. The event concluded with a vote of thanks from the sports coordinator, who praised the students for their enthusiasm and sportsmanship. 

The Sports Day was successfully organized and ended on a joyful note, leaving everyone with a sense of accomplishment.   

Thank you. 

Submitted by: 

Banumathi 

Sports Captain

XYZ High School

July 3, 2025

Submitted to:

Abarna 

Principal, 

XYZ High School.

Example: 2

2. Write a report on the widespread damage to public property and loss of human lives during a communal riot in your area

Report on Communal Riot in Delhi

Date: March 30, 2025

Location: Main Street, Delhi

Introduction

On March 30, 2025, a violent communal riot broke out on Main Street in Delhi, causing serious damage and leading to the death of many innocent people. The trouble started around 10:00 AM after a disagreement between two local groups.

Details of the Incident

The fight quickly turned into a riot. People burned shops, damaged vehicles, and attacked each other with sticks and stones. The peaceful street turned into a terrifying scene.

By 12:30 PM, the police arrived, used tear gas, and enforced a curfew. Firefighters worked to control the fires, while ambulances rushed the injured to nearby hospitals.

Casualties & Damage

The riot resulted in the loss of 15 lives and left over 50 people injured, some of them seriously. The violent clashes also caused heavy damage to property, with around 40 shops and vehicles either destroyed or badly damaged during the incident.

Actions Taken

More than 100 people were arrested in connection with the violence. Relief camps were quickly set up to provide shelter, food, and medical help to the affected families. The government also announced compensation for the victims and promised a fair investigation. To maintain peace and avoid further trouble, police patrolling in the area was increased.

Conclusion

The riot on Main Street was a heartbreaking incident that affected many lives. It is important for everyone to work together to stop violence and spread peace in our communities.

Thank you.

Submitted by:

Riya Sharma

Student Reporter

April 1, 2025

Example: 3

3. Write a report on the Tree Plantation Drive conducted in your school.

Report on Tree Plantation Drive

Date: March 28, 2025

Location: Green Park School Ground, Delhi

Introduction

On March 28, 2025, a Tree Plantation Drive was organized at Green Park School Ground, Delhi, by the Eco Club of the school. The aim of the event was to promote awareness about the environment and encourage students to protect nature.

Details of the Event

The programme began at 9:00 AM with a short speech by the principal, who spoke about the importance of planting trees to fight pollution and climate change. Students from classes 6 to 12 participated with great enthusiasm. A total of 150 saplings were planted around the school premises, including neem, mango, peepal, and gulmohar trees. Teachers and volunteers guided the students on how to plant and care for the saplings.

The event also included poster-making and slogan-writing activities on environmental protection. Refreshments were distributed after the event, and everyone enjoyed the peaceful and green surroundings they helped create.

Impact & Benefits

This event helped students understand the role of trees in keeping our environment clean and healthy. It also encouraged teamwork and responsibility among the participants.

Conclusion

The Tree Plantation Drive was a huge success. It not only added greenery to the school campus but also inspired everyone to contribute to a better future. More such events should be held regularly to create a lasting impact.

Thank you.

Submitted by:

Ananya Verma

Class 10, Green Park School

March 30, 2025

Example: 4

4. Write a report on a Science Exhibition held in your school.

Science Exhibition at Bluebell High School

Date: January 24, 2025

Location: Bluebell High School, Delhi

On January 24, 2025, a Science Exhibition was held at Bluebell High School, Delhi, with great enthusiasm and participation from students of classes 6 to 12. The event was organized to encourage creativity, curiosity, and scientific thinking among students.

The school campus was beautifully decorated with colourful banners and models. The exhibition was inaugurated by Dr. Seema Rao, a renowned scientist, who appreciated the efforts of the students. Around 60 projects were displayed on various topics such as solar energy, robotics, water conservation, and artificial intelligence. Students explained their models confidently to visitors, which included parents, teachers, and guests from nearby schools.

One of the highlights of the exhibition was a working model of a smart irrigation system made by class 10 students. There was also a quiz competition related to science and technology that added excitement to the event.

The exhibition ended with a short speech by the principal, who praised the students for their hard work and innovation. The event was a great success and left everyone feeling inspired and proud.

Thank you.

Submitted by:

Karan Mehta

Class 10 – Bluebell High School

January 25, 2025

Submitted to:

Banumathi 

Class Teacher 

Bluebell High School.

Example: 5

5. Write a report on a Blood Donation Camp organized by the Red Cross Society in your locality.

Blood Donation Camp at City Community Center

Date: April 5, 2025

Location: City Community Center, Green Lane, Delhi

A Blood Donation Camp was successfully organized by the Red Cross Society on April 5, 2025, at the City Community Center, Green Lane, Delhi. The main goal was to encourage voluntary blood donation and help meet the growing demand for blood in hospitals.

The event started at 9:00 AM and continued till 2:00 PM. Many residents, including office workers, shopkeepers, and local volunteers, participated wholeheartedly. A professional medical team from LifeCare Hospital managed the health check-ups and donation process. All safety measures were followed strictly.

By the end of the day, over 120 units of blood were collected. Informative banners and pamphlets were distributed to spread awareness about the importance of regular blood donation. Donors were provided with refreshments and thank-you kits as a token of appreciation.

The camp created a strong sense of unity and inspired many citizens to become regular donors. The Red Cross Society appreciated the overwhelming support and assured more such camps would be organized in the future.

Thank you.

Submitted by:

Ritika Sharma

Community Volunteer

Block C, Green Lane, Delhi

April 6, 2025.

Submitted to:

Mr. Arvind Rao

Zonal Head, Red Cross Society

Delhi. 

Narrative Report in Tamil @Banumathi K's Literature Insights 👇 

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